Automating the mundane with photogrammetric and point cloud operators

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By providing advanced spatial modeling and analysis tools, Octave’s Spatial Modeler offers streamlined, repeatable data workflows, reducing the need for user interaction (e.g., mouse clicks). It helps with modeling terrains, finding suitable locations and routes, discovering spatial patterns and performing hydrologic and statistical analysis, to mention but a few use cases. With asynchronous processing of models, users can start a model and carry on with other tasks, even in a desktop environment. The no-code graphical authoring interface enables users to preview results midway, altering parameters for real-time updates before processing a multitude of data.

As discussed in a previous blog, utilizing spatial models for cartographic production stages such as generalization can help defence and civilian organizations. The same is true for stages where new source data is orientated and vector data is extracted from a new source. In this blog post, we’ll focus on the photogrammetric and point cloud operators in Spatial Modeler.

Capturing photogrammetric workflows

Photogrammetry is well known and regularly used with images from satellite and aerial systems. The mathematics and processes are familiar, having been formalized over 150 years ago. However, the workflow is often a click-heavy process, requiring identification of common points between images and then of elevation points. While the automation of individual stages of the photogrammetric workflow is commonplace with tools like Octave Imagine (formerly ERDAS IMAGINE), creating an end-to-end photogrammetric workflow without resorting to coding has been difficult. With the addition of photogrammetric operations to the Spatial Modeler, these workflows can now be created in a no-code interface. Where data workflows may have many steps that traditionally a user would read the workflow guide for, these can now be captured in a spatial model and repeatedly used by novice and experienced colleagues alike.

SSpatial Modeler workflow in Octave Imagine showing automated point cloud classification processes for identifying noise, ground surfaces, buildings, and vegetation, with classified output and preview generation.

The adoption of point cloud data as an originating source of data for workflows such as vector mapping, change detection, and feature classification has increased with the emergence of smaller format LiDAR sensors. The use and visualization of point clouds can be challenging, due to data volumes and the differing perspective compared to more traditional earth observation data sources. With tools to classify, optimize and use point clouds, Octave offers a platform to exploit this data source, whether captured via photogrammetry or directly by a sensor platform.

Point clouds can be classified to the ASPRS LAS standard via edge processing within the sensor platform. Alternatively, a Spatial Modeler operator such as Classify Buildings or Classify Vegetation can be used to carry out this step. Extracting building footprints from the classified point cloud is then possible. With the Spatial Modeler, these steps can be run in one model, giving the user an easy way to preview results while setting up the model and adjusting parameters. Once finalized, the spatial model can then be used repeatedly on different point cloud datasets.

A spatial model is a collection of operators and is presented as a page containing a set of interconnected operators. A model allows users to create a self-contained functional piece that can be re-used in other solutions. As an important component of Octave’s geospatial data authoring system, Spatial Modeler supplies tools for all remote sensing, photogrammetry and geospatial analysis needs.

Photogrammetry workflow interface in Octave Imagine displaying image block creation, automatic point matching, data triangulation, affine transformation tools, and photogrammetric processing functions for aerial imagery and terrain generation.

Learn more about Octave Imagine to see what it can do for you.